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Articles

Safekept
Historical Digital Video Preservation Reformatting Project : a Report
Media Matters (Date Created: Jun 2004)
This report (88 p., 2MB) was undertaken on behalf of the Dance Heritage Coalition and funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. It is intended that the results of this research will be used as the basis of a nationally-accepted model, providing a technical foundation to those engaged in dance documentation and preservation, as well as others who use videotape to document their experiences and research. The report describes some of the problems with lossy compression compared to the viability of JPEG 2000 compression as a lossless alternative. Also discussed is the concept of 'file wrappers' by audiovisual digital media which combines video files, audio files, and metadata into a single, unified format. A chief goal of this report was to endorse a specific file format to use for the preservation of dance material. The report concludes by recommending the file format Material Exchange Format (MXF) container format. The report also recommends use of JPEG 2000 compression, as it serves preservation needs and is affordable to implement.
http://www.danceheritage.org/preservation/Digital_Video_Preservation_R
eport.doc
Historical Editors Interview: JPEG 2000
Lee, Daniel In: RLG DigiNews (Date Created: 15 Dec 2002)
An interview with Dr Daniel Lee, convenor of ISO's JPEG group, about JPEG 2000, an emerging alternative image encoding format offering advantages over the current JPEG standard, including lossless compression and support for multiple resolutions.
http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2007/08/08/0000070513/viewer/file8
82.html#interview
Historical Evaluation of Motion JPEG 2000 for Video Archiving
Gill, Michael; Pearson, Glenn (Date Created: Apr 2005) (United States of America)
This paper discusses the applicability of Motion JPEG 2000 (MJ2) as a format for long term video preservation. This paper examines three MJ2 implementations - Kakadu, Morgan Multimedia's codec and Open JPEG 2000.
http://archive.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/pearson/MJ2_video_archiving.pdf
Paper presented at the Archiving 2005 conference, April 26-29, 2005, Washington D.C.
Format for Digital Preservation of Images : A Study on JPEG 2000 File Robustness
Buonora, Paola; Liberati, Franco In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jul 2008)
This article considers the robustness of JPEG2000 and argues that this format has attributes which make it suitable as an alternative storage format to TIFF for high quality images. Simple tools and free software can be used to increase JPEG2000's robustness.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july08/buonora/07buonora.html
JPEG 2000 as a Preservation and Access Format for the Wellcome Trust Digital Library
Buckley, Robert; Tanner, Simon (ed.) (Date Created: Aug 2009) (United Kingdom)
This report (17 p.) discusses the suitability of the JPEG2000 formats for preservation and access and how the Wellcome Library can make best use of particular properties to develop a solution for their situation. Recommendations are made on compression, resolution and quality layers.
http://wellcomelibrary.blogspot.com/2009/09/wellcome-library-to-use-jp
eg2000-image.html
Downloadable from Scribd image viewer.
JPEG 2000 Standards in Digital Preservation
Clark, Richard (Date Created: 28 May 2010)
This paper given at the 4th International Conference on Preservation and Conservation Issues in Digital Printing and Digital Photography (May 27 & 28 2010, London UK) discusses issues related to the use of JPEG 2000 for archival image preservation. It considers how file formats and technology are developing to provide a full and consistent architecture for handling and searching large visual archives.
http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/231/1/012015
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 231 (2010) 012015
JPEG2000 Implementation at Library and Archives Canada
Desrochers, Pierre; Thurgood, Brian (Date Created: 11 Mar 2007) (Canada)
This paper given at Museums and the Web 2007 (April 11-14, 2007 San Francisco, California) provides a high-level overview of JPEG2000 and describes the implementation of a pilot project using JPEG2000 at Library and Archives Canada in 2006/2007.
http://www.archimuse.com/mw2007/papers/desrochers/desrochers.html
Available in J. Trant & D. Bearman (eds.) Museums and the Web 2007. Proceedings.
Lossless Video Compression for Archives: Motion JPEG2k and Other Options
Davila, R. Justin; Gilmore, Ian (Date Created: Jan 2006)
This article compares various lossless video schemes including JPEG, MPEG and MPEG 4 as well as some lesser known systems. They are discussed against the requirements that an archival file being both lossless to preserve content and also compressed to conserve storage capacity.
http://www.media-matters.net/docs/WhitePapers/WPMJ2k.pdf
Research Report on JPEG2000 for Video Archiving
Gilmour, Ian (Date Created: 17 Jan 2007) (United States of America)
This technical report tests Motion-JPEG2000 with the aim of determine typical values of compression for a range of program content, to assess whether average and peak values affect accuracy of predicting data capacities for planning digitizing projects and to investigate particular characteristics which may significantly increase or reduce encoded file sizes.
http://www.media-matters.net/docs/WhitePapers/IansWhitePaper.pdf
Media Matters Technical Report
Standards-based Solution for the Accurate Transfer of Digital Assets
Bekaert, Jeroen ; Van de Sompel, Herbert In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Jun 2005) (United States of America)
This article describes the results of a collaboration between the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the American Physical Society (APS) to produce a system for the transfer of digital content from the APS collection to LANL. It discusses the standards involved including: MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration (MPEG-21 DID), MPEG-21 Digital Item Identification (MPEG-21 DII), the W3C XML Signature Syntax and Processing standard, and OAI-PMH and includes the schema in appendices.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/june2005-bekaert
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june05/bekaert/06bekaert.html
Status Report on JPEG 2000 Implementation for Still Images: The UConn Survey
Bennett, Michael J.; Lowe, David (Date Created: May 2009) (United States of America)
This paper focuses on the major issues identified during a survey of cultural heritage institutions by the University of Connecticut Libraries conducted in August to October 2008 on the status of JPEG 2000 implementation as a still image format. Responses from users and non-users are considered. Migration concerns including codec inconsistency, perception and misperceptions of advantages and disadvantages which have influenced upake including intellectual property rights are discussed. The paper which was given at IS & T's Archiving 2009 conference is also available in the Final Program & Proceedings (pp 209-212).
http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/libr_pubs/19/
UConn Libraries Published Works. Paper 19. Available for download as PDF.
From TIFF to JPEG 2000? Preservation Planning at the Bavarian State Library Using a Collection of Digitized 16th Century Printings
Beinert, Tobias; Brantl, Markus; Kugler, Anna; Kulovits, Hannes; Rauber, Andreas; Schoger, Astrid In: D-Lib magazine (Date Created: Nov 2009) (Germany)
This article describes the use of PLATO, the preservation planning tool developed by the PLANETS project, in assessing the suitability of migration of images in TIFF format to JPEG 2000 by the Bavarian State Library. After examining the proposal and taking into consideration the Library's specific preservation requirements and policies and results of experiments with available migration tools, it was decided not to undertake the proposed migration at this point in time. Using PLATO assisted in the identification and documentation of the factors which contributed to the decision making process. The article emphasises the need for individual organisations to make preservation decisions based on their individual situation.
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november09/kulovits/11kulovits.html
Safekept
UVC for Images
Koninklijke Bibliotheek (Date Created: 2004) (Netherlands)
The UVC for JPEG is a follow-up for the 'proof of concept' of the UVC for PDF carried out in 2002. This operational tool enables permanent, platform independent access for JPEG images, regardless of future technological changes. The tool may be used to store other file types, such as PDF, but with reduced functionality, with only an image of the material being preserved. It is planned that this approach will be extended to TIFF and eventually to native PDF.
http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_onderzoek/uvc_voor_images-en.html
Dutch version available at: http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_onderzoek/uvc_voor_images.html

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Events

DPC/BL JPEG 2000 Workshop
25 Jun 2007 , British Library Conference Centre (United Kingdom)
One day workshop on the use of JPEG 2000 in digital repositories organised by the Digital Preservation Coalition and the British Library.
http://www.dpconline.org/events/jpeg-2000-workshop.html
Presentations (PDF) available from this website.

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Organisations and Websites

Towards a New Meta Standard for Long Term Digital Video Preservation
Pearson, Glenn (Date Created: 12 Dec 2005)
This is a series of links to documents for consideration about ways to encourage lossless video encoding for preservation, with a particular interest in JPEG 2000 frame encodings.
http://archive.nlm.nih.gov/VideoArchivists2005/follow-on.html

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Projects and Case Studies

Alternative File Formats for Storing Master Images
Gillesse, Robert; Rog, Judith; Verheusen, Astrid (Date Created: 7 Mar 2008) (Netherlands)
This in depth report (64 pages) describes a project undertaken by the Koninklijke Bibliotheek on possible alternative file formats for storing master images from mass digitisation projects. The KB currently stores uncompressed TIFFs. This report considers JPEG 2000, PNG, JPEG and TIFF LZW as alternatives. It describes each format and considers the consequences for required storage capacity, image quality, long term sustainability and functionality.
http://www.kb.nl/hrd/dd/dd_links_en_publicaties/publicaties/alternativ
e_file_formats_for_storing_masters_2_1.pdf
Version 2.0

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Discussion Lists

JPK2 Wellcome Library : JPEG 2000 at the Wellcome Library Blog
Wellcome Library (Regularly Updated) (United Kingdom)
This blog has been initiated by the Wellcome Library to share information on the use and issues associated with JPEG 2000 as a standard for storage of digitised images. It will also provide information from the JP2-UK Implementation Working Group which was initiated in December 2009.
http://jpeg2000wellcomelibrary.blogspot.com/

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Surveys

Digital Project Staff Survey of JPEG 2000
Bennett, Michael J.; Lowe, David (Date Created: Jan 2009) (United States of America)
This survey of JPEG 2000 user community perceptions was undertaken by the University of Connecticut Libraries in Fall 2008. The responses to the survey are available to download as excel or zip file. The responses revealed that there were a number of concerns and questions that need to be addressed to enhance adoption of JPEG 2000. These are explored further in the associated final report which was given as a paper at IS & T's Archiving 2009 conference, "A Status Report on JPEG 2000 Implementation for Still Images: The UConn Survey".
http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/libr_pubs/16/
UConn Libraries Published Works. Paper 16. Available for download Excel spreadsheet or html through zip file extraction.
Status Report on JPEG 2000 Implementation for Still Images: The UConn Survey
Bennett, Michael J.; Lowe, David (Date Created: May 2009) (United States of America)
This paper focuses on the major issues identified during a survey of cultural heritage institutions by the University of Connecticut Libraries conducted in August to October 2008 on the status of JPEG 2000 implementation as a still image format. Responses from users and non-users are considered. Migration concerns including codec inconsistency, perception and misperceptions of advantages and disadvantages which have influenced upake including intellectual property rights are discussed. The paper which was given at IS & T's Archiving 2009 conference is also available in the Final Program & Proceedings (pp 209-212).
http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/libr_pubs/19/
UConn Libraries Published Works. Paper 19. Available for download as PDF.

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Evaluations

JPEG 2000 - a Practical Digital Preservation Standard?
Buckley, Robert (Date Created: Feb 2008) (United Kingdom)
This in-depth report (28 p., 2.8MB) describes the JPEG 2000 format and related challenges. It is aimed at assisting organisations to make informed decisions about the JPEG 2000 format and their future storage needs. This report will be of particular interest to the archival and library sectors who are interested in JPEG 2000 as a potentially more efficient storage format for their major digitisation programmes and image repositories who already use the format to collect and distribute a variety of images including geospatial, medical images, digital cinema, and networked images.
http://www.dpconline.org/docs/reports/dpctw08-01.pdf
DPC Technology Watch Report 08-01

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Related Topics: Document markup languages

Broader Topic: Format standards

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